Population of Cuba

As of August 2026, the population of Cuba is 10.9 million. The number of inhabitants has decreased by 46 thousand in the last year, representing a decline of 0.41%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 40.1 years in 2016 to 42.5 years in 2026. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 78.6 years and population density is 102 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population Growth

The population growth rate of Cuba peaked in 1963, reaching around 2.13% annually, but has since declined to approximately -0.42% in 2026. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 164.91 thousand in 1964 to nearly -45.55 thousand in 2026.

Life Expectancy

In Cuba, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 77.4 years in 2006 to 78.6 year in 2026, representing an increase of more than 1 year over the past 2 decades.

Most populous cities in Cuba

Cuba has several cities considered medium-sized by their number of inhabitants, but there are also some large ones. The most populous city is Havana, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 2.2 million inhabitants. It is followed by Santiago de Cuba, Santiago de Cuba Province with 555.9 thousand and Camagüey with 347.6 thousand.

These are the 20 most populous cities in Cuba: