Population of Madagascar

As of May 2025, the population of Madagascar is 31.7 million. The number of inhabitants has increased by 744 thousand in the last year, representing a growth of 2.38%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 17.9 years in 2015 to 19.6 years in 2025. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 67.4 years and population density is 54.7 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population Growth

The population growth rate of Madagascar peaked in 1995, reaching around 3.18% annually, but has since declined to approximately 2.34% in 2025. However, the annual increase in the number of people continues to rise, reaching around 744.41 thousand in 2025.

Life Expectancy

In Madagascar, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 60.6 years in 2005 to 67.4 years in 2025, representing an increase of almost 7 years over the past 2 decades.

Most populous cities in Madagascar

The cities of Madagascar are mostly small, but 7 stand out with more than 100 thousand inhabitants. The most populous city is Antananarivo, Analamanga, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 1.3 million inhabitants. It is followed by Toamasina, Atsinanana with 345.1 thousand and Antsirabe, Vakinankaratra with 260.9 thousand.

These are the 20 most populous cities in Madagascar: