Population of Mongolia

As of July 2026, the population of Mongolia is 3.6 million. The number of inhabitants has increased by 39 thousand in the last year, representing a growth of 1.13%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 25.9 years in 2016 to 27 years in 2026. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 72.5 years and population density is 2.3 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population Growth

The population growth rate of Mongolia peaked in 1961, reaching around 3.2% annually, but has since declined to approximately 1.09% in 2026. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 65.09 thousand in 2019 to nearly 38.82 thousand in 2026.

Life Expectancy

In Mongolia, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 65.6 years in 2006 to 72.5 years in 2026, representing an increase of almost 7 years over the past 2 decades.

Most populous cities in Mongolia

The cities of Mongolia are small, with the 5 most populated adding up to around 1.1 million inhabitants. The most populous city is Ulan Bator, Ulaanbaatar, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 844.8 thousand inhabitants. It is followed by Erdenet, Orhon with 97.8 thousand and Darhan, Darhan Uul with 83.9 thousand.

These are the 20 most populous cities in Mongolia: