Population of Poland

As of July 2026, the population of Poland is 39.2 million. The number of inhabitants has decreased by 244 thousand in the last year, representing a decline of 0.94%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 39.1 years in 2016 to 42.2 years in 2026. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 79.1 years and population density is 128.2 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population Growth

The population growth rate of Poland peaked in 2022, reaching around 8.14% annually, but has since declined to approximately -0.62% in 2026. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 3.24 million in 2022 to nearly -243.92 thousand in 2026.

Life Expectancy

In Poland, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 75.3 years in 2006 to 79.1 years in 2026, representing an increase of almost 4 years over the past 2 decades.

Most populous cities in Poland

Poland has several cities considered medium-sized by their number of inhabitants, but there are also some large ones. The most populous city is Warsaw, Mazovia, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 1.7 million inhabitants. It is followed by Kraków, Lesser Poland with 816.6 thousand and Wrocław, Lower Silesia with 672.5 thousand.

These are the 20 most populous cities in Poland: